The relevant clauses of the greenhouse gas standards are numerous and difficult for many learners to master. Therefore, before reading through each clause of ISO 14064, please refer to [the relevant document/reference needed].Five Steps to Obtain ISO 14064 CertificationTo gain a deeper understanding of the differences between carbon footprint and product carbon footprint, please click [link/link].Differences between 14064-1 and 14067 and Application Guidelines》。
Greenhouse gas and carbon footprint inventory standards: ISO14064-1, ISO14064-2 and ISO14067
Before entering the introduction of ISO14064 provisions, we have to explain the correlation between ISO14064-1, ISO14064-2 and ISO14067. The biggest difference between the three standards ISO 14064-1, 14064-2 and 14067 lies in their scope and purpose.
ISO 14064-1 focuses on "organization," which includes a company's overall greenhouse gas emissions and how to standardize these emissions data to create a report called an "inventory." The scope of this standard applies to a "gate-to-gate" assessment, focusing on emissions within an organization.
ISO 14064-2 focuses on "projects" and evaluates a company's carbon reduction strategy, including the rationality of the strategy, expected results, and evaluation methods. The standard is assessed on a project-by-project basis, taking into account overall organizational emissions.
ISO 14067 is concerned with "products". This standard quantifies the carbon dioxide emissions and environmental impact of products (which can be goods or services) throughout their life cycles. Based on the characteristics of the product, the scope can be divided into "cradle to gate" for B2B or "cradle to grave" for B2C.
In fact, if a company’s Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 emissions are summed, this number is the company’s carbon footprint. The goals and concepts of the ISO 14000 series of standards are the same, which is to "manage greenhouse gas emissions." What is not quantifiable cannot be managed, so different standards are only used to distinguish different categories and different management goals (inventory or emission reduction).
Another picture can be used to explain it more simply:
- ISO 14064-1 (2019.04) – Quantifying, monitoring and reporting emission reductions and enhanced removals.
- ISO 14064-2 focuses on how organizations quantify, monitor and report their emission reduction measures and greenhouse gas enhanced removal measures, and evaluate their effectiveness.
- ISO 14064-3 (2019.04) – Specification with guidance on the verification and verification of greenhouse gas claims.
In addition, the ISO 14000 series of standards also stipulates the verification and verification procedures for greenhouse gas emission statements, and provides relevant guidance, such as:
- ISO 14065 – Validation and verification of organizational requirements. This standard sets out the requirements that assurance and verification organizations must comply with to ensure their independence, professionalism and integrity.
- ISO 14066 – Competency requirements for greenhouse gas verification teams and verification teams.
- ISO 14067 – focuses on the carbon footprint of products, including supply.
In addition to carbon inventory, companies seeking to further reduce carbon emissions at their sources typically implement ISO 50001. It's worth noting that ISO 50001 aims to help organizations achieve greater energy efficiency, reduce energy consumption and waste, and lower related energy costs. It encourages organizations to establish, implement, maintain, and improve energy management systems to ensure effective energy use.
ISO 14064-2 focuses primarily on the management and reporting of greenhouse gas emission reduction measures at the project level, while ISO 50001 focuses on overall energy management to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs.
Application of ISO14064 provisions: How should companies respond to greenhouse gas and carbon footprint inventory standards?
Use the following table to clearly understand how companies should respond:
Generally speaking, ISO 14064-1 is the first ISO 14064 article that most companies are familiar with. After all, decision makers need to fully understand the company's overall greenhouse gas emissions and how to standardize these emission data. Next is ISO 14067 on the product side, and the next step is ISO 50001.
Therefore, taking the measurement and reporting of ISO 14064-1, this part covers the requirements for measuring and reporting the organization's greenhouse gas emissions, including scope and definition, inventory methods, information recording and reporting, etc.
You can refer to the link provided by the Ministry of Environment: Trial Calculation Tool – Business Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information Platform (moenv.gov.tw)
Core principles of the ISO14064 text standard
ISO 14064 provisionsThe core principles of the standard are critical and include:
- Accuracy of information: Ensure that all inventory information is accurate and based on reliable data and methods.
- Consistency: Ensure that inventory results and methods are consistent across multiple years so that comparisons can be made and changes can be tracked.
- Scope and Definition: Clearly define the scope of the inventory, including emission sources and application areas, to ensure comprehensiveness.
- Records and Documentation: Appropriately maintain and manage audit records and documentation to demonstrate compliance and traceability.
- Compate
- Uncertainty management: Assess and manage uncertainty in inventory data to improve accuracy.
- Do not compromise information: Avoid improper modification, tampering or manipulation of inventory information to maintain integrity and reliability.
Mingzheng Consultant's Practical Notes: In our practical experience consulting with companies, the most common reason for verification failures is not incorrect "scope definition," but rather "outdated or mismatched emission factor references." We recommend that companies establish a standard operating procedure (SOP) to regularly update the source of emission factors annually at the beginning of the audit.
Key points of verification of ISO14064 provisions
Verification is a key step in ensuring that the organization's audits comply with ISO 14064 standards. Highlights include:
- Definition of Verification: Verification is an independent assessment to determine the accuracy and compliance of an inventory report.
- Verification procedures: Verification procedures include document review, on-site inspections, interviews, and report preparation.
- Types of verification: Internal verification is performed within the organization and external verification is performed by an independent agency to provide higher credibility.
- The goal of verification: The goal of verification is to ensure that the inspection follows the requirements of ISO 14064 standards and to provide a reliable inspection report.
- Benefits of verification: Verification helps improve the quality and reliability of audits, enhance compliance and traceability, and provide organizations with more climate transparency.
- Challenges of verification: Verification can involve time, cost, and resources, and requires overcoming potential obstacles such as data availability and uncertainty.
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